Python super()

super() is a built-in function in Python that allows you to call a method in a superclass from a subclass. It’s often used in object-oriented programming when you want to override a method in a subclass but still call the superclass’s implementation of that method.

Here’s an example to illustrate how super() works:

class Vehicle:
    def __init__(self, brand, model):
        self.brand = brand
        self.model = model
        
    def drive(self):
        print(f"{self.brand} {self.model} is driving")
        
class Car(Vehicle):
    def __init__(self, brand, model, num_wheels):
        super().__init__(brand, model)
        self.num_wheels = num_wheels
        
    def drive(self):
        super().drive()
        print(f"{self.brand} {self.model} is driving on {self.num_wheels} wheels")

In this example, we have a superclass called Vehicle that has an __init__ method to initialize the brand and model attributes of the vehicle, as well as a drive method to print a message that the vehicle is driving.

We also have a subclass called Car that inherits from Vehicle and adds a num_wheels attribute to represent the number of wheels on the car. The __init__ method of the Car class uses super() to call the __init__ method of the Vehicle class to initialize the brand and model attributes.

The drive method of the Car class overrides the drive method of the Vehicle class to add a message about the number of wheels on the car. However, it also uses super() to call the drive method of the Vehicle class to print the message that the car is driving.

Here’s an example of how you can use these classes:

my_car = Car("Toyota", "Camry", 4)
my_car.drive()

This will output the following message:

Toyota Camry is driving
Toyota Camry is driving on 4 wheels

As you can see, the drive method of the Car class first calls super().drive() to print the message that the car is driving, and then adds a message about the number of wheels on the car. This allows the Car class to add specialized behavior to the drive method while still using the implementation of the Vehicle class.