Macros in word processing refer to small programs or scripts that automate repetitive tasks in Microsoft Word or other word processing software. They are created using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and consist of a series of recorded actions or custom-written code. When you run a macro, it performs the recorded or programmed sequence of actions, saving time and effort on repetitive tasks like formatting, data entry, or document processing. Macros help streamline workflows, increase productivity, and ensure consistency in document handling.