Local variables and global variables are two types of variables used in programming languages. The main differences between them are as follows:

Local Variables:

• Local variables are defined within a specific scope, such as a function, block, or method.
• They are only accessible within the scope in which they are defined.
• Local variables are created when a function or block is executed and destroyed when the function or block exits.
• Each invocation of a function or block creates a separate instance of local variables.
• Local variables can have the same name in different scopes without conflicts.
• They are typically used for temporary storage and calculations within a specific context.

Global Variables:

• Global variables are defined outside of any function or block, making them accessible throughout the entire program.
• They are accessible from any part of the code, including functions, methods, and blocks.
• Global variables are created when the program starts and persist until the program terminates.
• There is only one instance of a global variable throughout the program.
• Changes made to global variables are visible to all parts of the code, which can introduce potential issues with unintended modifications.
• Global variables should be used sparingly, as excessive use can make the code harder to understand and maintain.