Ctrl + D – Copy a formula from the cell above and adjusts the cell references. For example, if you have a formula in cell A1 and you want to copy it to cell A2, select A2 and press Ctrl + D. Ctrl + R – Copy a formula from the cell to the left and adjusts the cell references.

If you wish to keep the original cell reference when you duplicate it, you can “lock” it by adding a dollar sign ($) before the cell and column references. For example, if you duplicate the formula =$A$2+$B$2 from C2 to D2, the formula remains unchanged. This is a definitive reference.